AI, Culture and Society

Reading list 2023-24

• Alpaydin, E. (2016) Machine learning : the new AI . Cambridge, Massachusetts, The MIT Press.
• Andrej Karpathy (n.d.) State of GPT. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZQun8Y4L2A.
• BBC (2018) Made by Machine: When AI Met the Archive. https://learningonscreen.ac.uk/ondemand/index.php/prog/11F05B28?bcast=127437236
• Bender, E.M. (n.d.) On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? 🦜. Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3442188.3445922.
• Blackwell, A.F., Damena, A. & Tegegne, T. (2021) Inventing Artificial Intelligence in Ethiopia. Interdisciplinary science reviews. 46 (3), 363–385. doi:10.1080/03080188.2020.1830234.
• Boden, M.A. & Edmonds, E.A. (2019) From Fingers to Digits. Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press Ltd.
• J. Brockman, Murray. Shanahan, S. Pinker, M.J. Rees, S.M. (Stephen M. Omohundro, D.D. Sasselov, F.J. Tipler, M. Livio, A.Garrett. Lisi, John. Markoff, & P.C.W. Davies (eds.) (2015) What to think about machines that think : today’s leading thinkers on the age of machine intelligence . First edition. New York, Harper Perennial.
• Bucher, T. (2018) If ... then: algorithmic power and politics. New York, NY, United States of America, Oxford University Press.
• Buckner, C. (2019) Deep learning: A philosophical introduction. Philosophy Compass. 14 (10). doi:10.1111/phc3.12625.
• Bunz, M. & Meikle, G. (2017) The Internet of things. Cambridge, UK, Polity.
• Cave, S. (n.d.) Portrayals and perceptions of AI and why they matter. The Royal Society. https://royalsociety.org/-/media/policy/projects/ai-narratives/AI-narratives-workshop-findings.pdf.
• Cave, S., Dihal, K. & Dillon, S. (2020) Introduction: Imagining AI. In: AI narratives: a history of imaginative thinking about intelligent machines. Oxford, Oxford University Press. pp. 1–22. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198846666.003.0001.
• Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation (n.d.) Snapshot Paper - Deepfakes and Audiovisual Disinformation [report]. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/cdei-publishes-its-first-series-of-three-snapshot-papers-ethical-issues-in-ai/snapshot-paper-deepfakes-and-audiovisual-disinformation.
• Chávez Heras, D. & Blanke, T. (2021) On machine vision and photographic imagination. AI & society. 36 (4), 1153–1165. doi:10.1007/s00146-020-01091-y.
• Costanza-Chock, S. (n.d.) Introduction: #TravelingWhileTrans, Design Justice, and Escape from the Matrix of Domination. In: Design Justice. The MIT Press. p.
• Crawford, K. & Paglen, T. (2021) Excavating AI: the politics of images in machine learning training sets. AI & society. 36 (4), 1399–1399. doi:10.1007/s00146-021-01162-8.
• Danaher, J. (2018) Toward an Ethics of AI Assistants: an Initial Framework. Philosophy & Technology. 31 (4), 629–653. doi:10.1007/s13347-018-0317-3.
• de Seta, G. & Shchetvina, A. (2023) Imagining machine vision: Four visual registers from the Chinese AI industry. AI & society. doi:10.1007/s00146-023-01733-x.
• Department for Science, I. and T. and O. for A.I. (2023) AI regulation: a pro-innovation approach. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1176103/a-pro-innovation-approach-to-ai-regulation-amended-web-ready.pdf.
• Dieuwertje Luitse, W.D. (n.d.) The great Transformer: Examining the role of large language models in the political economy of AI. Big Data & Society. 8 (2). https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211047734.
• Dimitrakopoulos, G.J. (2020) The future of intelligent transport systems . Amsterdam, Netherlands :, Elsevier.
• D’Ignazio, C. (2020) Data feminism . Cambridge, Massachusetts :; [Piscataqay, New Jersey] :, The MIT Press; IEEE Xplore.
• Emily M. Bender, A.K. (2020) Climbing towards NLU: On Meaning, Form, and Understanding in the Age of Data. ACL. 5185–5198. https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.463.pdf.
• Ensmenger, N. (2012) Is chess the drosophila of artificial intelligence? A social history of an algorithm. Social studies of science. 42 (1), 5–30. doi:10.1177/0306312711424596.
• European Parliament - News (2023) EU AI Act: first regulation on artificial intelligence. Summer 2023. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/society/20230601STO93804/eu-ai-act-first-regulation-on-artificial-intelligence.
• Eva Constantaras, G.G. (2023) Inside the Suspicion Machine: obscure government algorithms are making life-changing decisions about millions of people around the world. Here, for the first time, we reveal how one of these systems works. Wired. https://www.wired.com/story/welfare-state-algorithms/.
• Floridi, L. (2023) The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: Principles, Challenges, and Opportunities. Oxford, Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198883098.001.0001.
• Floridi, L., Cowls, J., King, T.C. & Taddeo, M. (2020) How to Design AI for Social Good: Seven Essential Factors. Science and Engineering Ethics. 26 (3), 1771–1796. doi:10.1007/s11948-020-00213-5.
• Ford, M. (2018) Architects of intelligence: the truth about AI from the people building it. Birmingham, Packt.
• Friedman, B. & Hendry, D. (2012) The envisioning cards: a toolkit for catalyzing humanistic and technical imaginations. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. doi:10.1145/2207676.2208562.
• Ganesh, M.I. (2020) The ironies of autonomy. Humanities & social sciences communications. 7 (1), 1–10. doi:10.1057/s41599-020-00646-0.
• Goriunova, O. (2019) Face abstraction! Biometric identities and authentic subjectivities in the truth practices of data. Subjectivity. 12 (1), 12–26. doi:10.1057/s41286-018-00066-1.
• Gray, M.L. & Suri, S. (2019) Ghost Work. Eamon Dolan/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
• Harry H Jiang (2023) AI Art and its Impact on Artists. AIES Proceedings. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3600211.3604681.
• Hassan, Y. (2023) Governing algorithms from the South: a case study of AI development in Africa. AI & society. 38 (4), 1429–1442. doi:10.1007/s00146-022-01527-7.
• Iida, T., Song, J., Estrada, J.L. & Takahashi, Y. (2022) Fake news and its electoral consequences: a survey experiment on Mexico. AI & society. doi:10.1007/s00146-022-01541-9.
• Jess Weatherbed (2023) OpenAI lobbied the EU to avoid harsher AI regulations. The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2023/6/20/23767053/openai-lobbied-eu-ai-act-artificial-intelligence-regulations.
• Ji, Z., Lee, N., Frieske, R., Yu, T., Su, D., Xu, Y., Ishii, E., Bang, Y.J., Madotto, A. & Fung, P. (2023) Survey of Hallucination in Natural Language Generation. ACM computing surveys. 55 (12), 1–38. doi:10.1145/3571730.
• Jonathan Roberge, M.C./ J.R. (2020) The Cultural Life of Machine Learning : An Incursion into Critical AI Studies. 1st ed. 2021. Cham, Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56286-1.
• S. Jonze, M. Ellison, V. Landay, D. Lupi, N. Farrey, J. Phoenix, A. Adams, O. Wilde, S. Johansson, R. Mara, C. Pratt, & O. Pallett (eds.) (2013) Her . Her /.p.1 bluray (126 minutes) :
• Kelleher, J.D. (2019) Deep learning . Cambridge, Massachusetts ; London, England :; Cambridge, Massachusetts ; London, England :, The MIT Press.
• G. Kohs, K. Proudfoot, G. Krieg, & J. Rosen (eds.) (2017) AlphaGo . AlphaGo /.p.1 online resource (91 minutes).
• Lamola, M.J. (2022) The future of artificial intelligence, posthumanism and the inflection of Pixley Isaka Seme’s African humanism. AI & society. 37 (1), 131–141. doi:10.1007/s00146-021-01191-3.
• Lee, D. (n.d.) Why Big Tech pays poor Kenyans to teach self-driving cars - BBC News.
• Lee-Morrison, L. (2019) Portraits of Automated Facial Recognition: On Machinic Ways of Seeing the Face. Bielefeld, transcript-Verlag.
• Leufer, D., Steinbrück, A., Liptakova, Z., Mueller, K. & Jang, R. (n.d.) AI Myths.
• Luitse, D. & Denkena, W. (2021) The great Transformer: Examining the role of large language models in the political economy of AI. Big data & society. 8 (2), 205395172110477-. doi:10.1177/20539517211047734.
• Mark Riedl (2023) A Very Gentle Introduction to Large Language Models without the Hype Mark Riedl. Summer 2023. https://mark-riedl.medium.com/a-very-gentle-introduction-to-large-language-models-without-the-hype-5f67941fa59e.
• Mary L. Gray & Siddharth Suri (2017a) The Humans Working Behind the AI Curtain. Harvard Business Review.
• Mary L. Gray & Siddharth Suri (2017b) The Humans Working Behind the AI Curtain. Harvard Business Review.
• Matteo Pasquinelli (2017) Machines that Morph Logic: Neural Networks and the Distorted Automation of Intelligence as Statistical Inference. Glass - Bead. https://www.glass-bead.org/wp-content/uploads/GB_Site-1.
• McStay, A. (2018a) Emotional AI: The Rise of Empathic Media. 1st ed. London, SAGE Publications.
• McStay, A. (2018b) Emotional AI: The Rise of Empathic Media. 1st ed. London, SAGE Publications.
• Medina, E. (2011) Cybernetic revolutionaries : technology and politics in Allende’s Chile . Cambridge, Mass. :, MIT Press.
• Meikle, G. (2022) Deepfakes. Polity Press.
• Mercedes Bunz (2023) Thinking Through Generated Writing. MediArxiv. https://mediarxiv.org/4th3x.
• Microsoft (2023) 2023 Work Trend Index: Annual Report Will AI Fix Work? https://assets.ctfassets.net/y8fb0rhks3b3/5eyZc6gDu1bzftdY6w3ZVV/93190f5a8c7241ecf2d6861bdc7fe3ca/WTI_Will_AI_Fix_Work_060723.pdf.
• Milos Mladenovic, J.S. (2021) The politics of ‘autonomous vehicles’. Winter 2021. https://www.nature.com/collections/afcicffdib.
• Mohamed, S., Png, M.-T. & Isaac, W. (2020) Decolonial AI: Decolonial Theory as Sociotechnical Foresight in Artificial Intelligence. Philosophy & Technology. doi:10.1007/s13347-020-00405-8.
• Office of the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission (2023) Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services [Chinese]. Spring 2023. http://www.cac.gov.cn/2023-07/13/c_1690898327029107.htm.
• OpenAI (2023) OpenAI White Paper on the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act. https://nucleo.jor.br/content/files/2023/06/ares20226851313-openai_aia_white-paper.pdf.
• Raji, I.D., Gebru, T., Mitchell, M., Buolamwini, J., Lee, J. & Denton, E. (2020) Saving Face: Investigating the Ethical Concerns of Facial Recognition Auditing. doi:10.48550/arxiv.2001.00964.
• Rockwell Anyoha (2017) The History of Artificial Intelligence. 2017. https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2017/history-artificial-intelligence/.
• Royal Society (n.d.) Machine learning: the power and promise of computers that learn by example.
• Rudin, C., Wang, C. & Coker, B. (2020) The Age of Secrecy and Unfairness in Recidivism Prediction. Harvard Data Science Review. 2 (1). doi:10.1162/99608f92.6ed64b30.
• Singler, B. (2020) The AI Creation Meme: A Case Study of the New Visibility of Religion in Artificial Intelligence Discourse. Religions. 11 (5), 253-. doi:10.3390/rel11050253.
• Smith, H. (2020) Clinical AI: opacity, accountability, responsibility and liability. AI & SOCIETY. doi:10.1007/s00146-020-01019-6.
• Smith, M. & Miller, S.R.M. (2021a) The ethical application of biometric facial recognition technology. AI & society. 37 (1), 167–175. doi:10.1007/s00146-021-01199-9.
• Smith, M. & Miller, S.R.M. (2021b) The ethical application of biometric facial recognition technology. AI & society. 37 (1), 167–175. doi:10.1007/s00146-021-01199-9.
• Sophia Ignatidou (2023) Blog: Why addressing AI-driven discrimination is so important. 2023. https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/media-centre/blog-why-addressing-ai-driven-discrimination-is-so-important/.
• Steven Spielberg, John Williams & John Neufeld, C.P. (n.d.) MINORITY REPORT.
• Stilgoe, J. (2021) How can we know a self-driving car is safe? Ethics and information technology. 23 (4), 635–647. doi:10.1007/s10676-021-09602-1.
• Stilgoe, J. (2018) Machine learning, social learning and the governance of self-driving cars. Social studies of science. 48 (1), 25–56. doi:10.1177/0306312717741687.
• Stilgoe, J. (2023) We need a Weizenbaum test for AI. Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science). 381 (6658), eadk0176–eadk0176. doi:10.1126/science.adk0176.
• Tambiama Madiega (2023) ‘Briefing - EU Legislation in Progress: Artificial intelligence act’. 2023. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2021/698792/EPRS_BRI(2021)698792_EN.pdf.
• The Biometrics and Forensics Ethics Group (2021) Briefing note on the ethical issues arising from public–private collaboration in the use of live facial recognition technology. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/953359/LFR_briefing_note_18.1.21.final.pdf.
• The White House, U.S. of A. (n.d.) Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights:    Making automated systems work for the American people. https://www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/ai-bill-of-rights/.
• Urvashi Aneja (2022) Reframing AI Governance: Perspectives from Asia. 2022. https://www.ai-in-asia.com/.
• US-EU Trade and Technology Council (2022) The impact of artificial intelligence on the future of workforces in the European Union and the United States of America. whitehouse.gov. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/TTC-EC-CEA-AI-Report-12052022-1.pdf.
• Van Noorden, R. (2020) The ethical questions that haunt facial-recognition research. Nature (London). 587 (7834), 354–358. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-03187-3.
• Visual Storytelling Team and Madhumita Murgia (2023) Generative AI exists because of the transformer. Financial Times. https://ig.ft.com/generative-ai/.
• Wellner, G. & Rothman, T. (2020) Feminist AI: Can We Expect Our AI Systems to Become Feminist? Philosophy & Technology. 33 (2), 191–205. doi:10.1007/s13347-019-00352-z.
• Whittaker, M., Alper, M., Bennett, C.L., Hendren, S., Kaziunas, L., Mills, M., Ringel Morris, M., Rankin, J., Rogers, E., Salas, M. & Myers West, S. (2019) Disability, Bias, and AI. AI Now Institute. https://ainowinstitute.org/publication/disabilitybiasai-2019.
• Wired Documentary (2019) Machine Learning: Living in the Age of AI. Watch. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJixNvx9BAc&t=899s.
• Yu, F.R. & He, Y. (2019) Introduction to Machine Learning. In: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Wireless Networks. Cham, Springer International Publishing. pp. 1–13. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-10546-4.
• Zeilinger, M. (2021) Tactical entanglements : AI art, creative agency, and the limits of intellectual property . Lüneburg, Germany :, Meson Press. doi:10.14619/1839.
• Zylinska, J. (2020) AI art : machine visions and warped dreams . First edition. London :, Open Humanities Press.